The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, also known as the Holocaust Memorial, is a national memorial in Berlin dedicated to the victims of the Holocaust. The memorial was opened in 2005 and consists of 2711 grey steles arranged over an area of 19,000 square meters. It was designed by the architect Peter Eisenman and realized by the sculptor Buro Happold. The arrangement of the steles is intended to convey a sense of loss and uncertainty and encourage visitors to reflect on the events of the Holocaust. The memorial is part of a larger complex that also includes a documentation site that documents and explains the history of the Holocaust. It is a place of remembrance and commemoration of the millions of Jews who were murdered by the Nazis during the Holocaust and also a place of warning about the dangers of racism and intolerance.